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Untitled Document
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 Medicines for
 Anti Diarrhoeal
Antimicrobial
Antidiabetic
Antacid/Anti peptic ulcerant
Laxative
Ophthalmological
Stomatological
Anitiinflammatory
Herbal
Others
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 Tablets |
| What is the mechanism of action nitroimidazoles? |
Nitroimidazoles are generally pro-drugs which needs further metabolism for activations. Once these drugs diffuse into the cells the nitro group accepts electrons from electron transport proteins such as flavoproteins in mamalian cells and ferrodoxins or their equivalents in protozoa and bacteria and deprives them from normal energy yielding pathways. The antimicrobial activity results from a chemically reactive intermediate formed during reduction of nitrogroup. These intermediates probably react with DNA, proteins and membranes of the microorganisms causing degradation, loss of helical structure, strand breakage leading to impairment of DNA function.
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DETAILS
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| COMPOSITION: |
Ornidazole tablet 500mg |
| INDICATIONS AND USAGE: |
Bacterial vaginosis (non-specific vaginitis).
- Trichomoniasis. Genitourinary infections in women and men due to Trichomonas vaginalis.
- Amoebiasis. All intestinal infections due to Entamoeba histolytica, including amoebic dysentery. All extraintestinal forms of amoebiasis, especially amoebic liver abscess.
- Giardiasis (lambliasis).
- Infections due to anaerobic bacteria. Treatment of infections such as septicemia, meningitis, peritonitis, postoperative wound infections, puerperal sepsis, septic abortion, and endomentritis, with demonstrated or suspected involvement of susceptible bacteria (see Properties and effects).
Prophylaxis during surgical interventions, particularly those involving the colon, and in gynaecological operations. |
| DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: |
Standard dosage
The tablets must always be taken after meals. |
| TRICHOMONIASIS: |
There are two possible therapeutic regimens: Single-dose therapy (for acutetrichomoniasis); five-day therapy (for chronic forms of trichomoniasis). The tablets should be taken after meals.
| Type of treatment |
Daily dosage (500mb tablets) |
| (a) Single-dose |
3 tablets in the evening |
| (b) Five-day therapy |
2 tablets (1 tablet mornings and evenings) |
In all cases, the sexual partner should also be treated using the same oral dosage so as to Avoid reinfection.
The dosage for children is 25 mg per kg bodyweight per day, given in a single dose. |
AMOEBIAIS:
- Three-day treatment of patients with amoebic dysentery
- Five-to-ten-day treatment for all forms of amoebiasis
| Duration of treatment |
Daily dosage |
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| (a) Three days |
Adults and children over 35 kg 3 tablets in one evening dose |
Children up to 35 kg 125 mg (1/4 tablet) per 3 kg bodyweight in one dose (equivalent to 40mg per kg) |
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Over 60 kg bodyweight 4 tablets (2 tablets mornings and evenings) |
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| (b) Five to ten days |
2 tablets (1 tablet mornings and evenings) |
125mg (1/4 tablet)per 5kg bodyweight in one dose (equivalent to 25 mg per kg.) |
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GIARDIASIS:
| Duration of treatment |
Daily dosage |
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Adults and children over 35 kg. |
Children up to 35 kg. |
| One to two days |
3 tablets evenings |
125mg. (1/4 tablet)per 3 kg. bodyweight in one dose (equivalent to 40mg per kg.) |
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| Amoebic liver abscess: |
Single day treatment with a 2 gm. dose of Ornidazole (1gm in the morning and 1gm in the evening) |
| Anaerobic infections: |
Prophylaxis, 1500mg, orally, 12 hours before surgery followed by 500mg. 12-hourly for 3 to 5 days postoperatively. |
| Contraindications: |
Ornidazole in contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the medicine or to other nitroimidazole derivatives. It is contraindicated in patients with CNS disorders, particularly epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy and hepatic disorders. |
| Precautions: |
Cautions sould be exercised in patients with diseases of the CNS, e.g., epilepsy or multiple sclerosis. A health risk exists, among others, in patients with liver disease, in alcoholics, epileptics, in patients with brain damage, in pregnant and nursing women, and children, if the special dosage for children is exceeded. |
| Pregnancy, Nursing Mothers: |
Extensive studies in various species have revealed no sign of any teratogenic or fetotoxic action of ornidazole. However, no controlled studies have been carried out in pregnant women. As a matter of principle, one should carefully weigh therapeutic benefit risk ration before prescribing ornidazole in pregnancy or lactating mothers. |
| Undesirable Effects: |
Mild side-effects such as somnolence, headache and gastrointestinal disturbances like nausea and vomiting may occur. Disturbances of the CNS such as dizziness, tremor, rigidity, poor coordination, seizures, tiredness, vertigo, temporary loss of consciousness and signs of sensory or mixed peripheral neuropathy have been observed in isolated cases. Taste disturbances, abnormal liver functions tests and skin reactions have occasionally been observed. Hypersensitivity reactions may also occour. |
| Interactions: |
In contrast to other nitroimidazole derivatives, Ordinazole does not inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenases and is therefore not incompatible with alcohol. However, Ornidazole potentiates the effect ofcoumarin-type oral anticoagulants. The dosage of the anticoagulant has to be adjusted accordingly. Ornidazole prolongs the muscle-relaxant effect of vecuronium bromide. |
| Overdosage: |
In cases of overdosage the symptoms mentioned under undesirable effects occur in more severe form.
No specific antidote is known. The administration of diazepam is recommended if cramps occur. |
| Packing : |
Strip of 10 tablets. |
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Horn 